A. Strawberry belongs to the family Rosaceae
Strawberry is a genus of strawberry, native to Chile. The leaves are evergreen and the flowers are white and elegant. The fragrance is pleasant, and the fruit is bright red, so it can be enjoyed and eaten. It is also a good flower for family.
B. Strawberry habit
It is sun-loving, cold-tolerant, afraid of drought and avoiding water. It likes to grow in moist environment and loose, fertile, well-drained sandy soil. Avoid alkaline or heavy clay soil. In the south of the Yangtze River, cut the young plants in summer and autumn, and grow new leaves in early spring of the following year. After the small white flowers, the fruit is ripe for eating from early May. The whole cycle from flowering to fruit ripening is 30-40 days.
C. Strawberry home potting method
After autumn, cut off the young strawberry plant that grows from the mother plant and looks like a small hanging orchid. Plant them in a pot with soil and add organic fertilizer as a base. Then, water the plant enough and place it in semi-shade. When the pot is ready, move it to a balcony, terrace or patio where there is light.
D. Daily maintenance and management of strawberry
Keep the potting soil slightly moist, not too dry or too wet. Too dry leaves are easy to scorch, too wet is easy to cause root rot.
1. Strawberry in the early spring growth period
Fertilize once or twice to promote the growth of branches and leaves.
2. In March before flowering
Fertilizer with phosphorus and potassium is applied once or twice to promote flowering and fruiting.
3. Insufficient fertilizer for strawberry
When watering and fertilizing, be careful not to splash the fertilizer on the flowers and fruits. When watering and fertilizing, be careful not to splash the fertilizer on the flowers and fruits to prevent them from staining and affecting the quality. Also, pay attention to the environment and prevent snails and birds from eating the fruit.
4. Strawberries improve the quality of transplanting
Generally, from early August to early September, choose cloudy or rainy days for transplanting. Try to avoid the hot sunny day at noon to prevent the seedlings from burning.
5. Strawberry before transplanting
Apply 2500 kg of rotten bar fertilizer, 50 kg of cake fertilizer, 50 kg of calcium superphosphate, and 50 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15% each of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) per mu of the field as base fertilizer (if you have automatic irrigation equipment, you can use more efficient and fast water soluble fertilizer).
6. Then make a monopoly top
30 cm wide, 60 cm wide at the bottom of the monopoly, 30 cm high and 30 cm wide furrow.
7. Weeding
Before transplanting, spray with 50% butachlor 200g to 60kg of water per mu to prevent weeds.
E. Lay black film on the monopoly surface
To improve the soil temperature and prevent the fruit from contacting the ground and being stained, which affects the coloring and quality. Plant 2 rows per monopoly, 18-20 cm apart, 7000-8000 plants per mu.
(1) Strawberry cultivation
If there is no black film on the monopoly surface, it will be done in late September. Combined with loosening and weeding, a thick cultivation is carried out to encourage seedlings to produce more roots and to prevent old seedlings from having exposed roots.
(2) Overwintering with mulch
By mid to late October, the temperature drops to a maximum daytime temperature below 15 ℃ or night temperature below 8 ℃. As soon as possible, build a greenhouse with a width of 6-9 meters and a center height of 2.5 meters.
(3) Covering material
For thickness 0.08 cm polyvinyl chloride film. The next year in late March – early April, as the temperature rises. Begin to uncover both sides of the shed book film, in order to reduce the temperature inside the shed and improve the degree of ventilation and light. The temperature inside the trellis is required to be within 30℃ during the day, and 20-25℃ during the day after flowering. Not less than 5 ℃ at night
(4) thinning grass onion
The flowers on the 3rd and 4th level branch peduncles on the inflorescence are often infertile or only form ineffective fruits. When the flower buds begin to separate from each other before flowering to these buds, thinning out the bud thinning time at the latest no later than the first flower opening period.
(5) For farmers who have the conditions
It is best to put a swarm of bees in the shed from the beginning of the flowering period of strawberry. This will help to pollinate the flowers and improve the fruiting rate.
(6) Fertilization is done after the formation of strawberry berries.
When the fruit expands to about half the size of the fruit, apply 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer (15% each of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium). Apply once every 15-20 days, 3-4 times in a row.
G. Fine picking
Harvesting starts in early December, every 1-2 days. The harvesting period of a variety can generally extend until the end of May. The suitable time of the day for picking is in the morning, when the treading water is dry until the onset of heat. Dew has not yet dried or in the rain to pick the fruit is prone to rot, should be avoided as far as possible. Picking action should be light, hand pinching the stalk of the fruit, with the stalk picked off. Do not damage the calyx, otherwise it will rot easily.
①Strawberries are suitable for
Planting in sunny and hydrophobic soil. The soil depth should be about 8-10 inches.
②Large strawberries
The spacing between rows should be 12 inches and the spacing between plants should be about 18 inches. The plants should be removed in time to facilitate the fruiting of strawberries. Strawberries have a cycle of production, so it is better to cultivate some new plants in the first few years of planting.
③If you don’t like to manage strawberries
You can plant one strawberry every 18-24 inches so that strawberries can be trailed everywhere. Of course it will look a bit messy and the strawberries will not be big. If you want to avoid this situation, you can remove some vines properly.
④In autumn
It is necessary to put a layer of soil on the plant to prevent frost.
⑤After the soil is frozen
You can put 3-4 inches of hay on the plant again.
⑥By the next spring
when there are new leaves growing, then remove the hay. When the weather turns warm and stable, remove the top layer of soil from the plants. However, leave some hay between the rows to prevent the growth of weeds and to keep the soil hydrated.
H. Care of strawberries
Once the strawberries start to bear fruit and turn red, be careful not to let birds peck at them. It is because birds can easily find red things. Attach a net to the strawberry or use a wooden basket to cover the strawberry.
1. There is a conservatory at home
You can move the strawberry to the warm room. This will be better. Strawberries are also more likely to bear fruit.
2. After the fruiting period of strawberries
You can move them out of the conservatory and put them outside for the winter. In a way, if the strawberry plants are exposed to some frost, it is better to increase the yield in the next year.
3. Strawberry is an easy plant to grow
Sometimes you may find yellow leaves on the plant, but don’t worry, just remove them.
4. In winter
You can keep the yellow leaves until the next spring when new leaves grow. Then remove the dead yellow leaves, and pay attention to watering, weeding, and insect control.
5. Strawberries are planted in plant bags
But make sure to water evenly to prevent birds from pecking the strawberries and pests. The soil in the bag will dry out easily, so you need to check the soil frequently to make sure it is moist.
6. Environment to which strawberries are adapted
Strawberries should be planted in a sunny and warm environment. In addition, the soil should be hydrophobic.
7. If you want to plant in the ground
Be careful not to use the ground where potatoes have been planted before, because strawberries are easily infected with a disease that is found on potatoes.
8. When the strawberry bears fruit
It is necessary to separate the strawberry from the soil, so it is a good choice to plant the strawberry in a pot.
9. You can choose a multipurpose pot
Put a layer of stones on the surface of the soil in the pot, so that it is not easy to splash the soil on the strawberry when watering.
